Vicente Rocafuerte was an early Ecuadorian president. He participated in the revolution against Spain and the battle for independence from Colombia. Rocafuerte served as president from 1834-1839, and for years bounced back and forth between having a competitive and allied relationship with Juan Flores, another early Ecuadorian leader. Offered are three Quito imprints, from 1835-38, expressing Rocafuerte's point of view. In one he warns against "the evil ones, this small number of corrupted beings, professional rebels..." In the others he attacks a rival as a traitor. Rocafuerte seems to have been a decent president, at least by the standards of the times, though he was often consumed by power.

A Colombian church publication from 1847 calls the faithful to confess their sins at Lent, and complains of the lack of religiosity of the times. Was there ever a time when one generation didn't complain about the lax standards of the next?

There was an epidemic of cholera in southern Peru in the mid-19th century. Dr. Jose Cano offers some remedies, mostly based on the consumption of alcohol.

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